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Compare Christmas Island (2003) - New Caledonia (2007)
Compare Christmas Island (2003) z New Caledonia (2007)
| Christmas Island (2003) | New Caledonia (2007) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (territory of Australia) | none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 3 provinces named Province des Iles, Province Nord, and Province Sud |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: NA%
15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA% (2003 est.) |
0-14 years: 27.9% (male 31,578/female 30,270)
15-64 years: 65.3% (male 72,821/female 72,109) 65 years and over: 6.8% (male 7,047/female 8,118) (2007 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | NA | vegetables; beef, deer, other livestock products; fish |
| Airports | 1 (2002) | 25 (2007) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002) |
total: 12
over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 9 under 914 m: 2 (2007) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | - | total: 13
914 to 1,523 m: 7 under 914 m: 6 (2007) |
| Area | total: 135 sq km
land: 135 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 19,060 sq km
land: 18,575 sq km water: 485 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC | slightly smaller than New Jersey |
| Background | Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement was begun by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. Almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park. | Settled by both Britain and France during the first half of the 19th century, the island was made a French possession in 1853. It served as a penal colony for four decades after 1864. Agitation for independence during the 1980s and early 1990s ended in the 1998 Noumea Accord, which over a period of 15 to 20 years will transfer an increasing amount of governing responsibility from France to New Caledonia. The agreement also commits France to conduct as many as three referenda between 2013 and 2018, to decide whether New Caledonia should assume full sovereignty and independence. |
| Birth rate | NA births/1,000 population (2003 est.) | 17.75 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA |
revenues: $996 million
expenditures: $1.072 billion (2001 est.) |
| Capital | The Settlement | name: Noumea
geographic coordinates: 22 16 S, 166 27 E time difference: UTC+11 (16 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) |
| Climate | tropical; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds | tropical; modified by southeast trade winds; hot, humid |
| Coastline | 80 km | 2,254 km |
| Constitution | NA | 4 October 1958 (French Constitution) |
| Country name | conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island
conventional short form: Christmas Island |
conventional long form: Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies
conventional short form: New Caledonia local long form: Territoire des Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances local short form: Nouvelle-Caledonie |
| Currency | Australian dollar (AUD) | - |
| Death rate | NA deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) | 5.72 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) |
| Debt - external | $NA | $79 million (1998 est.) |
| Dependency status | territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services | territorial collectivity of France since 1998 |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (territory of Australia) | none (overseas territory of France) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (territory of Australia) | none (overseas territory of France) |
| Disputes - international | none | Matthew and Hunter Islands east of New Caledonia claimed by France and Vanuatu |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA | $524.3 million annual subsidy from France (2004) |
| Economy - overview | Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened. With the support of the government, a $34 million casino opened in 1993. The casino closed in 1998. The Australian Government in 2001 agreed to support the creation of a commercial space-launching site on the island, slated to begin operation in 2003. | New Caledonia has about 25% of the world's known nickel resources. Only a small amount of the land is suitable for cultivation, and food accounts for about 20% of imports. In addition to nickel, substantial financial support from France - equal to more than 15% of GDP - and tourism are keys to the health of the economy. Substantial new investment in the nickel industry, combined with the recovery of global nickel prices, brightens the economic outlook for the next several years. |
| Electricity - consumption | NA kWh | 1.403 billion kWh (2005) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 0 kWh (2005) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 0 kWh (2005) |
| Electricity - production | NA kWh | 1.508 billion kWh (2005) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel: NA%
hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
- |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Murray Hill 361 m |
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mont Panie 1,628 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | erosion caused by mining exploitation and forest fires |
| Ethnic groups | Chinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10%
note: no indigenous population (2001) |
Melanesian 42.5%, European 37.1%, Wallisian 8.4%, Polynesian 3.8%, Indonesian 3.6%, Vietnamese 1.6%, other 3% |
| Exchange rates | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.9354 (2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173(2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998) | Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar - 95.025 (2006), 95.89 (2005), 96.04 (2004), 105.66 (2003), 126.71 (2002) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general
head of government: Administrator William Leonard TAYLOR (since 4 February 1999) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia |
chief of state: President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007); represented by High Commissioner Yves DASSONVILLE (since 9 November 2007)
head of government: President of the Government Harold MARTIN (since 7 August 2007) cabinet: Cabinet consisting of 11 members elected from and by the Territorial Congress elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the government elected by the members of the Territorial Congress for a five-year term (no term limits); note - last election held 7 August 2007 when Harold MARTIN was elected following the resignation of Marie-Noelle THEMEREAU as president on 24 July 2007 (next to be held in 2012) |
| Exports | $NA | NA bbl/day |
| Exports - commodities | phosphate | ferronickels, nickel ore, fish |
| Exports - partners | Australia, NZ | Japan 17.8%, Taiwan 14.9%, France 13.7%, China 11.1%, Spain 9.7%, Belgium 7.5%, Italy 6.2%, Australia 4.7% (2006) |
| Fiscal year | 1 July - 30 June | calendar year |
| Flag description | the flag of Australia is used; note - in early 1986, the Christmas Island Assembly held a design competition for an island flag, however, the winning design has never been formally adopted as the official flag of the territory | the flag of France is used |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $NA | - |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
agriculture: 15%
industry: 8.8% services: 76.2% (2003) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $NA | - |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Geographic coordinates | 10 30 S, 105 40 E | 21 30 S, 165 30 E |
| Geography - note | located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean | consists of the main island of New Caledonia (one of the largest in the Pacific Ocean), the archipelago of Iles Loyaute, and numerous small, sparsely populated islands and atolls |
| Heliports | - | 6 (2007) |
| Highways | total: 240 km
paved: 30 km unpaved: 210 km (2000) |
- |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | $NA | NA bbl/day |
| Imports - commodities | consumer goods | machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs |
| Imports - partners | principally Australia | France 38.9%, Singapore 15.3%, Australia 11.4%, NZ 4.8% (2006) |
| Independence | none (territory of Australia) | none (overseas territory of France); note - a referendum on independence was held in 1998 but did not pass; a new referendum is scheduled for 2014 |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | -0.6% (1996) |
| Industries | tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion) | nickel mining and smelting |
| Infant mortality rate | total: NA%
male: NA% female: NA% |
total: 7.42 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 8.12 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.69 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | NA% | 1.4% (2000 est.) |
| International organization participation | none | ITUC, PIF (observer), SPC, UPU, WFTU, WMO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 2 (2000) | - |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | 100 sq km (2003) |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court | Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; County Courts; Joint Commerce Tribunal Court; Children's Court |
| Labor force | NA | 78,990 (2004) |
| Labor force - by occupation | tourism 400 people, mining 100 people (1995) | agriculture: 20%
industry: 20% services: 60% (2002) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% note: mainly tropical rainforest; 63% of the island is a national park (1998 est.) |
arable land: 0.32%
permanent crops: 0.22% other: 99.46% (2005) |
| Languages | English (official), Chinese, Malay | French (official), 33 Melanesian-Polynesian dialects |
| Legal system | under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law | based on French civil law; the 1988 Matignon Accords grant substantial autonomy to the islands |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve one-year terms)
elections: last held NA December 2002 (next to be held NA December 2003) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9 |
unicameral Territorial Congress or Congres du territoire (54 seats; members belong to the three Provincial Assemblies or Assemblees Provinciales elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 9 May 2004 (next to be held in 2009) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPCR-UMP 16, AE 16, UNI-FLNKS 8, UC 7, FN 4, others 3 note: New Caledonia currently holds one seat in the French Senate; by 2010, New Caledonia will gain a second seat in the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held not later than September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 1; New Caledonia also elects two seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held 10 and 17 June 2007 (next to be held on June 2012); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 2 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: NA years
male: NA years female: NA years (2003 est.) |
total population: 74.5 years
male: 71.52 years female: 77.63 years (2007 est.) |
| Literacy | NA | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 96.2% male: 96.8% female: 95.5% (1996 census) |
| Location | Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia | Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia |
| Map references | Southeast Asia | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | contiguous zone: 12 NM
exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
| Merchant marine | none (2002 est.) | total: 2 ships (1000 GRT or over) 3,566 GRT/2,543 DWT
by type: cargo 1, passenger/cargo 1 (2007) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of Australia | defense is the responsibility of France |
| Military branches | - | no regular indigenous military forces; French Armed Forces (includes Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie); Police Force |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | - | NA |
| National holiday | NA | Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) |
| Nationality | noun: Christmas Islander(s)
adjective: Christmas Island |
noun: New Caledonian(s)
adjective: New Caledonian |
| Natural hazards | the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard | cyclones, most frequent from November to March |
| Natural resources | phosphate, beaches | nickel, chrome, iron, cobalt, manganese, silver, gold, lead, copper |
| Net migration rate | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population
note: there has been steady emigration from Wallis and Futuna to New Caledonia (2007 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | none | Alliance pour la Caledonie or APLC [Didier LE ROUX]; Caledonian Union or UC; Federation des Comites de Coordination des Independantistes or FCCI [Francois BURCK]; Front National or FN [Guy GEORGE]; Front Uni de Liberation Kanak or FULK [Ernest UNE]; Kanak Socialist Front for National Liberation or FLNKS (includes PALIKA, UNI, UC, and UPM); Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA [Paul NEAOUTYINE and Elie POIGOUNE]; Rally for Caledonia in the Republic (anti independence) or RPCR-UMP [Jacques LAFLEUR]; The Future Together or AE [Harold MARTIN]; Union Nationale pour l'Independance or UNI [Paul NEAOUTYINE]; note - may no longer exist, but Paul NEAOUTYINE has since become a president of Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA; Union Progressiste Melanesienne or UPM [Victor TUTUGORO] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | NA |
| Population | 433 (July 2003 est.) | 221,943 (July 2007 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | -9% (2003 est.) | 1.203% (2007 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Flying Fish Cove | - |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Railways | 24 km to serve phosphate mines | - |
| Religions | Buddhist 36%, Muslim 25%, Christian 18%, other 21% (1997) | Roman Catholic 60%, Protestant 30%, other 10% |
| Sex ratio | NA (2003 est.) | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.043 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.868 male(s)/female total population: 1.009 male(s)/female (2007 est.) |
| Suffrage | - | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: service provided by the Australian network
domestic: only analog mobile telephone service is available international: satellite earth stations - one Intelsat earth station provides telephone and telex service (2000) |
general assessment: NA
domestic: NA international: country code - 687; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | NA | 55,300 (2005) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | NA | 134,300 (2005) |
| Television broadcast stations | NA | 6 (plus 25 repeaters) (1997) |
| Terrain | steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau | coastal plains with interior mountains |
| Total fertility rate | NA children born/woman (2003 est.) | 2.25 children born/woman (2007 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | NA% | 17.1% (2004) |
| Waterways | none | - |
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